Bacteriological and Yeast Profile in Clinical Samples from Immunocompromised Persons (Especially in HIV and Cancer Patients) and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

Abstract

Abstract

Immunocompromised host describes a patient who is on increased risk to acquire infection due to congenital or acquired abnormality of the immune system. In the past few decades, the population of immunocompromised hosts has expanded enormously, due to the increased use of immunosuppressive conditions like HIV, cancer, etc. This study was planned to know the spectrum of organisms and trend of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in immunocompromised patients. All hospitalized patients of Maharao Bhim Singh (MBS) Hospital, JK Lone Hospital and New Medical College Hospital, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, undergoing anticancer therapy, radiotherapy or recently diagnosed cancer patients and HIV patients attending anti-retroviral therapy (ART) centre for highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) are included. From 100 patients, 130 specimens were collected under strict aseptic precautions. Then specimens were transported to the microbiology laboratory. It was observed that immunocompromised patients with opportunistic infection were more common in males and in 25–50 year age group. Among gram-positive bacteria, Vancomycin, Linezolid, Amikacin and Azithromycin were most effective (100% Sensitive) drugs. Among gram-negative bacteria, Imipenem was found most effective antibiotic followed by Azithromycin, Levofloxacin and Piperacillin/Tazobactam. Among Candida species, Amphotericin B was found most effective antifungal among immunocompromised patients. Maximum numbers of samples were collected from age group 26–50 years (63 samples, 48.46%). Among 130 samples, 113 samples (86.92%) showed positive result in culture (yeast, GPC, GNB) and microscopy (MTB). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) was detected only in HIV positive patients; that is 53.24%. The yeast was predominant isolate among immunocompromised patients, which may be due to prolonged use of antibiotics and prolonged stay in hospital.

Keywords: Immunocompromised, nosocomial infection, HIV, cancer

Cite this Article

Hari Nandan Meena, Chand Anita E, Harshad Singh Naruka, et al. Bacteriological and Yeast Profile in Clinical Samples from Immunocompromised Persons (Especially in HIV and Cancer Patients) and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern. Research & Reviews: Journal of Microbiology and Virology. 2017; 7(1): 1–8p.